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km of lines and 10,000 tonnes of equipment linked to an FPSO. First oil: 2011. Budgeted cost: $9 billion.

Total, which has already spent billions building the Dalia and

Girassol FPSO systems in Block 17, is now adding CLOV, which

West Africa Focus joins the Cravo, Lirio, Orquidea and

Violeta discoveries. CLOV involves 34 subsea wells and an FPSO scheduled for delivery later this spring. Production start: 2014. Peak: 160,000 b/d.

Just to the northwest, in Block 31,

BP is developing a project it calls

PSVM. It joins the Plutao, Saturno,

Venus and Marte felds around

Geology on either side of the Mid-Atlantic Rift refects common depositional another FPSO. The plan calls for processes, which are yielding large hydrocarbon reserves.

48 wells. The frst three wells details of development plans but building large production centers to delivered frst oil in January. and has made clear that the discoveries which smaller felds can be added. they are producing about 60,000 will be commercial grouped into a Tullow and its partners — b/d. FPSO peak capacity is 157,000 hub. Kosmos, Anadarko, Ghana National b/d.

“We’re progressing pre- Petroleum and Sabre — brought 17- Cost is undisclosed, but BP by development studies, so I think well, 120,000-b/d Jubilee Phase 1 on some estimates will spend $15 that’s a clue that we believe we have line in 42 months, from discovery billion over 10 years on PSVM and enough for a commercial hub there in 2006 to frst oil in 2010. The other developments in Block 31. BP to begin development,” Greg Hill, a industry average is seven years. also is studying addition of Phase 3

Hess senior executive, said during It was a major accomplishment, to Greater Plutonio in Block 18 off an earnings call in March. says McLaughlin, who led the Angola.

Kosmos has had strikes off project. Exxon Mobil is planning Kizomba

Ghana at Akasa and at Wawa, and Like most West African offshore Satellites Phase 2 in Angola’s Block anticipates tying Akasa into its projects, Jubilee relies on a foating 15, building on Phase 1 where

Jubilee hub and Wawa into its TEN production, storage and offoading it started production last July. development, which is named system to get its oil to market. But Phase 1 is an 18-well undertaking for the Tweneboa, Enyenra and they hope to pipe ashore the natural expected to produce 100,000 b/d at

Ntomme discoveries that it will gas that is produced with the oil, a peak. Details of Phase 2 are still in produce. new infrastructure trend to reduce development.

Off Ghana, Tullow’s TEN environmentally unfriendly faring development plan calls for 23 and costly re-injection of gas back Onshore production and injection wells, a underground. Onshore support for offshore leased FPSO and a total investment There’s a step-change in size, as development is growing.

of $4.5 billion. First production is well as speed, of developments. Kizomba is an example of the targeted for 2015 with a peak rate of Billions of dollars are being region’s growing manufacturing 100,000 bpd by 2018. invested in sprawling projects off and service capability, encouraged

The industry is building more Angola and Ghana, demonstrating by the host countries with “local places to tie in, flling in the blanks industry capacity to execute content” rules, but also favored in the engineering and construction on a by companies needing suppliers infrastructure map in areas huge scale, thousands of miles from closer to projects. Exxon Mobil says beyond the thicket of projects and major manufacturing and design $1.5 billion worth of services and pipelines off Nigeria. centers. equipment were Angola-sourced.

Angola The $10 billion Angola LNG

Ghana The 220,000-bpd Pazfor project plant, much-delayed but fnally set

Jubilee, a 600-million-boe feld in a features what Total describes as “a to start up this year, is an example previously unexplored part of the vast subsea gathering network, the of new infrastructure helping post-salt section off Ghana, shows most complex ever built in Angola.” maximize production. It will how far the industry has come in It includes 49 subsea wells, 180 receive approximately 1 Bcf/d of

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