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TECHNOLOGY CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE et the same outlook makes clear that, even with this acceleration, CCS remains far below the level re-

Yquired to deliver net zero by mid-century.

For Jamie Burrows, Global Segment Lead, Carbon Cap- ture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) at DNV and one of the report’s authors, the central issue is no longer whether CCS has a role in the energy transition - it is whether the industry can deploy it at suffcient speed, in the right sectors, under the right policy frameworks.

A Necessary Technology in a

Hydrocarbon-Heavy System

Burrows places CCS within the structural realities of the global energy mix.

“If you look at credible forecasts of how the world's en- ergy systems will change from here, it's very clear that we will continue to use hydrocarbons in our primary energy sup- ply through to 2050 and potentially beyond. Hydrocarbons are defnitely going to be part of our energy systems,” he said.

Today, hydrocarbons account for roughly 80% of primary energy supply. DNV expects that share to fall to around 50% © DNV by 2050 - but not disappear. Consequently, CCS should not

Jamie Burrows, be thought of as a substitute for renewables, but as a comple-

Global Segment Lead, CCUS at DNV mentary mechanism to address residual emissions, accord- ing to Burrows.

“In that context, you can see that a technology like carbon capture and storage becomes really important because, fun- damentally, it is helping us to tackle the CO2 emissions that remain in our energy systems,” he explains. We know that it's a technology that will be very much needed for energy transition.”

According to the DNV report, CCS is forecast to grow from 41 MtCO2 per year today to 1,300 MtCO2 per year by 2050, representing around 6% of global emissions at that point.

However, the report also stresses that this remains signif- cantly short of what is required to reach net-zero emissions.

Hard-to-Abate Industry:

Where CCS Delivers Maximum Impact

Burrows is careful to distinguish between where CCS is es- sential and where other solutions may be more appropriate.

“It's not a technology that should be used for every emis- sion source – it's a technology that should be used for specifc hard-to-abate emission sources,” he says.

Cement is the most frequently cited example – and for good reason.

“The cement industry generates around 7% of global an- thropogenic CO2 emissions. There really isn't a good alter- native to carbon capture to decarbonize cement manufacture today,” Burrows explains, adding that fuel switching alone cannot solve the problem.

“If you look at the cement manufacturing process, most of

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