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ing 20-25 turbines. “Our concept for a pilot-scale substation is a minimum structure TLP facility, which has a really quite ef? cient weight structure, and good motion vertically, but in- creased cost of moorings. The early commercial HVAC sub- station projects will need some innovative thinking to achieve the most ef? cient design,” he says.

The dynamic export cable is a critical element that will be needed to get the power from a ? oating structure to shore.

These cables, at about 300 mm diameter at 220kV or more, will need a low fatigue environment and currently no cables exist that could do the job. Jones thinks there are solutions within the oil and gas industry that could ? t the bill. But even then, ? oaters would need to be designed by the requirement to minimize the fatigue loading on the cable, he says. “You may want to pay, up front, higher capex to have a design in which the cable motion, and therefore cable fatigue, is lower to re- duce the likelihood of cable failure over the 25-year life,” he says. “You might want to go for a deeper, lower motion ? oater

Kristin Nergaard Berg, and have the cable outlet lower beneath the surface, where

Senior Principal Consultant and JIP wave loads are lower.”

Project Manager, DNV www.marinetechnologynews.com 15

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