Page 42: of Maritime Reporter Magazine (April 1970)

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Navy Releases Compendium

On Soviet Union Shipbuilding

The Naval Ship Systems Command recent- ly released a compendium of facts pertaining to the present size and quality of shipbuilding in the Soviet Union to the members of the

NavShips-Shipbuilding Industry Advisory

Committee.

In a preface to this enlightening document,

Rear Adm. N. Sonenshein, United States Navy,

NavShips Commander, commented as follows: "In the past decade there have been subtle changes about which many are unaware. The

USSR and the U.S. are now the two principal naval shipbuilders and ship repairers on this earth, each employing about a quarter of a million people in their shipyards. Each sup- ports a larger industry than Japan, which it- self has captured about one-half of the world's merchant ship market. "The increase in the size and capability of the USSR naval fleet has received some pub- licity within the past few years, but little at- tention has been given to the changes which have created that new and powerful fleet.

Alarmingly, during the past decade the USSR has modernized its shipyards, adopted ad- vanced production and management methods, and has just about caught up with us in ship technology. As this study shows, the ad- vantages of series production of standardized ships are being fully exploited in Russia."

Here are some pertinent passages from the report entitled "Soviet Shipbuilding"—"The 17 major shipbuilding yards in the USSR are widely dispersed." "The development of ship- yards in the USSR since WW II reflect a high level of government appreciation of maritime power." "Their shipbuilding programs, the construction and modernization of shipyard facilities, and all R&D efforts relating to ship design, shipbuilding technology and naval weapons systems are centrally planned, con- trolled and funded by the Ministry of Ship- building." "... the development of each yard is planned with specific shipbuilding programs in mind." "Generally, the central planning of the shipbuilding program, shipyard facilities, and the manufacture of components for ships has resulted in ships, both naval and merchant, that are highly standardized and that have been designed to facilitate production. This de- signing for producibility is encouraged by a separate design bureau for each type of ship, usually located at or near the lead yard for that particular ship type. The Soviet designers and draftsmen have become specialized, and because of this, have gained a very intimate knowledge of their assigned ship type. These designers have shown themselves to be clearly competent and not at all tied to past ideas and practices. Although their designs are noted for simplicity of operation and maintenance, they are capable of very sophisticated concepts and have made great achievement in the fields of operational automation for manpower savings.

In order to take full advantage of the increased rate of material flow that results from auto- mated and improved methods of processing and fabricating steel, Soviet shipbuilders have adopted techniques for cutting down (build- ing) ways time and thereby increasing the number of ships turned out without increasing the number of ways. ..."

Interestingly, Soviet shipbuilding practices place heavy emphasis on series production of standard ships, reduced labor intensity, ship design for producibility, standardization of components, production-oriented supervisory and labor force, and other features which are implicit in the Nixon Administration's pro- posed maritime plan.

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