Page 56: of Maritime Reporter Magazine (January 1991)

U.S. Merchant Fleet Development

Urged By Shipping Executive

At New Orleans Conference

Philip Shapiro, president and

CEO of Liberty Maritime Corp. and

Liberty Shipping Group, New York, offered a number of prescriptions to modernize and strengthen the U.S.- flag liquid and dry bulk fleet when speaking recently at a maritime con- ference in New Orleans, La. "U.S.-flag shipping can once again become a dominant force on the world's oceans within today's fiscal constraints,"Mr.Shapiro contended, "[and] this can be ac- complished only as long as realistic and politically achievable goals are pursued."

One mechanism Mr. Shapiro recommended to encourage mod- ernization and expansion of the fleet is to lower capital cost. He remarked, "The U.S.-flag fleet can- not at this time compete in a com- pletely free and open system—U.S. costs will necessarily be higher than our foreign competitors. However, given productivity levels, currency devaluations, state-of-the-art ves- sels, and union cooperation, crew costs are really not much higher in the United States now than in many other countries, albeit that there remain certain foreign crews that we will never be able to compete with."

To strengthen the U.S. merchant fleet, Mr. Shapiro suggested in- creasing to 100 percent U.S.-flag cargo preference requirements, cur- rently at 75 percent for agriculture cargoes, such as P.L. 480/Food for

Peace. "The International bulk fleet cur- rently contains some 4,700 dry bulk ships. The U.S. is the world's largest bulk commodity trader and yet its

U.S.-flag dry bulk fleet numbers barely 20 vessels. Cargo preference is virtually the only remaining sup- port program for U.S.-flag bulk shipping. Without a necessary stream of cargo to support those ships, there is little doubt that we would not have any dry bulk ves- sels," he asserted.

Mr. Shapiro went on to note the importance of a U.S.-flag fleet for national security, stating that "the primary requirement is that the ves- sel be U.S. documented, and thus

U.S. manned and controlled. "[Cargo preference] is a relatively inexpensive method to insure a con- stant replenishment of the fleet. I would strictly enforce the cargo pre- ference laws as they now exist and would reverse the drain of prefer- ence cargoes that have resulted from the cash transfer program," he de- clared.

Mr. Shapiro opposes the cash transfer method of foreign aid to needy countries because U.S. assist- ance is given in cash, rather than through the commodity import pro- gram and project-type assistance.

He pointed out that "fundamen- tal to giving project-type assistance or providing aid-in-kind through the commodity import program is that the donating government ana- lyzed the needs of the foreign recip- ient ... [and] when the United States provided the aid, the U.S. origin was evident. The general populace in the recipient country could see U.S. aid:

U.S.-built heavy equipment; bags of grain with 'U.S.' stamped on it; and commodities of all kinds arriving on

U.S.-flag ships."

He further noted that U.S. cash assistance often enables recipient nations to purchase foreign, rather than American, agricultural com- modities. "Cash aid, with no 'buy Ameri- can' requirement, generates no eco- nomic activity or benefit to the

U.S.," he argued.

Tenth Maritime Seminar

Set For New Orleans,

January 10, 1991

The Tenth New Orleans Mari- time Seminar is scheduled to be held on January 10, 1991, at the

Bourbon Orleans Hotel, 717 Orleans

Street, New Orleans, La.

The seminar will focus on "The

Oil Pollution Act of 1990, Its Impact

Upon Underwriters and Marine

Operators in the Gulf of Mexico and on the Inland Waterways."

Registration is scheduled for 8:00- 8:45 a.m. (fee is $250). Topics to be discussed throughout the one-day meeting are: "The Oil Pollution Act of 1990" from 9:00-10:00; "Response and Clean-Up Following an Oil Spill

Incident—Contingency Plans and

Effective Liaison with Federal and

State Agencies," 10:15-12:15; "Lia- bility Under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and State Legislation," 1:30- 3:00 p.m.; "Insurance Coverage for

Oil Pollution Claims," 3:15-4:15; and "Jurisdictional Issues Under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990," 4:00- 5:00.

Tulane/AWO will host a cocktail reception following the Maritime

Seminar from 6:00-8:00 at the Omni

Royal Orleans Hotel for all seminar registrants.

The Tuiane/AWO New Orleans

Maritime Seminar will be held in conjunction with the U.S. Coast

Guard Industry Day and the AWO

Regional Meeting in New Orleans.

The seminar is sponsored by Tulane

University Continuing Legal Educa- tion and the American Waterways

Operators, Inc. in cooperation with the U.S. Coast Guard.

Marine Training School

To Use S/S Annabella

As LNG/LPG Training Ship

Chemikalien Seetransport (CST) of Hamburg, Germany, and Han- seatic Shipping Co. Ltd. of Limas- sol, Cyprus, have entered into a joint venture to establish the LNG/

LPG carrier S/S Annabella as a training ship for the training of

LNG/LPG seagoing personnel.

The joint venture stems from the fact that the world's gas tanker fleet is facing a dramatic shortage of qualified seagoing personnel, both in the officers and ratings categor- ies. The two companies have a sub- stantial interest in this type of ton- nage and have decided to use the expertise of the Hanseatic Marine

Training School in Cyprus, which has previously conducted LPG training courses.

It is the first time worldwide that an active LNG/LPG carrier engaged in shorthaul trading patterns will be utilized as a training ship. The ves- sel is capable of training 25 officers and ratings accommodated in dou- ble and single cabins at any one course of approximately two months' duration.

CST and HSC have agreed on a cost-sharing formula of the consid- erable initial and running costs.

The vessel will commence train- ing activities in February 1991.

Zapata Gulf Names

Crawford President,

Quality Shipyards

Houston-Zapata Gulf Marine

Corporation has named James W.

Crawford president of Quality

Shipyards, Inc. in Houma, La.

As president, Mr. Crawford will be responsible for the operation of

Quality's two shipyards, both lo- cated in Houma. One yard special- izes in construction and the other in repairs.

Mr. Crawford comes to Zapata

Gulf after 24 years as vice president and general manager of Fredeman

Shipyards in Lake Charles, La., fol- lowed by three years as president and CEO of its parent company,

Port Arthur Towing.

Quality Shipyards is a wholly owned subsidiary of Zapata Gulf

Marine Corporation, one of the world's largest international marine offshore support companies, whose headquarters are in Houston, Tex- as.

ACL Appoints Butler

Chief Operating Officer

Olav Rakkenes, chairman and chief executive officer of ACL, re- cently announced the appointment of Tom Butler as chief operating officer effective January 1, 1991.

In his new capacity, Mr. Butler will be responsible for overseeing the day-to-day management of

ACL, ensuring budget goals, and improving the operating and busi- ness systems for the company.

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