Page 20: of Maritime Reporter Magazine (March 2004)

Maritime Security

When Security is Made Simple

How are we to implement an effective

Maritime Security Program?

When terrorists hijacked aircraft and used them as weapons, a significant par- adigm shift occurred in how we view security in the U.S. The Department of

Homeland Security (DHS) was created and we were witnesses to the largest shift in federal government roles and responsibilities since World War 11.

Additionally, significant changes were made to the airline and maritime indus- tries with the implementation of the

Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 (MTSA) and its aviation counter- part. This article will discuss method- ologies to assist maritime owners/opera- tors in complying with the often confus- ing myriad of federal and international laws and regulations.

According to the U.S. Coast Guard, approximately six million loaded con- tainers arrive into the United States from overseas, and nearly one billion tons of petroleum passes through U.S. ports.

Nearly 6.5 million passengers annually travel on cruise ships and more than 13 million passengers and 32 million vehi- cles are carried on our ferry systems.

Among the major threats to be evalu- ated in risk management and analysis relating to the maritime industry include: • The covert shipment of personnel, arms, or a variety of weapons: • The possibility of a small explosive- laden waterborne vessel approaching a large vessel or port facility similar to the

USS Cole incident that occurred in

Yemen: • The taking of a vessel by terrorist crewmembers who could use the vessel as a weapon: • Major disruptions to port operations, military shipments and international trade through destruction of key assets such as container cranes and pier facili- ties or blockage of key facilities.

President Bush has stated in the

National Strategy for Homeland

Security that. "Securing the American

Homeland is a challenge of monumental scale and complexity. But the U.S. has no more important mission."

Since 9/11, we have evolved from a somewhat passive, reactive security posture to a very aggressive, proactive approach. The airline industry has initi- ated a number of directives including the implementation of the Federal Air

Marshal Program. Flight deck doors are now required to be hardened, and all luggage is passed through screening devices. The maritime security industry has also been witness to the develop- ment of new and/or modified interna- tional and federal mandates. New requirements were detailed in MTSA. amendments to the International

Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), and the adoption of the ISPS

Code (International Ship and Port

Facility Security Code). Specific man- dates require maritime owners and oper- ators to be in compliance with the fol- lowing mandates or be fined $25,000

Maritime Reporter & Engineering News

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