Page 20: of Maritime Reporter Magazine (August 2006)
AWO Edition: Inland & Offshore Waterways
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Mike Mullen. "Without our collective mastery of the sea — we cannot protect and promote free trade, we cannot help those in peril, we cannot provide relief from natural disaster, and we cannot intercede when slavery, weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, smuggling, drugs, and piracy threaten our collective way of life." Mullen says "Our vision should be to extend peace through an inter-connected community of maritime forces that together could form a 1,000 ship Navy — a fleet-in-being, if you will — comprised of all freedom-loving nations, standing watch over the seas — standing watch with each other."
While the U.S. has not suffered from pirates near its ports, it has a major mar- itime security challenge, monitoring and protecting more than 1,000 harbor chan- nels; 25,000 miles of intracoastal and coastal waterways; more than 350 ports and more than 3,700 passenger and cargo terminals.
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This Day in Navy History
August 1, 1801 - U.S. schooner Enterprise captures
Tripolitan ship Tripoli 1921 - Successful tests of gyroscopic high level bomb- sight (Norden Bombsight) at Torpedo Station, Yorktown,
VA. Carl Norden developed the bombsight for the
Bureau of Ordnance. 1946 - Office of Naval Research established 1958 - USS Nautilus (SSN-571) submerges under Arctic ice cap near Point Barrow
August 2, 1943 - PT-109, under command of LTJG John
F. Kennedy, cut in half by Japanese destroyer Amagiri 1943 - Naval task groups bombard Japanese forces on
Kiska, Alaska 1950 - Amphibious force ships land Marine First
Provisional Brigade at Pusan, Korea helping to save this last area of South Korea from capture. 1964 - Three North Vietnamese PT boats attack USS
Maddox (DD-731) in international waters in Gulf of
Tonkin. Maddox sinks one.
August 3, 1804 - American Squadron, including USS
Constitution, attacks Tripoli 1812 - Frigate Essex capture British brig Brothers 1861 - Construction of USS Monitor authorized 1861 - First manned ascent in a balloon from a ship, gunboat USS Fanny, to observe Confederate artillery position at Hampton Roads, VA 1942 - Mildred McAffee (Horton) becomes the first woman officer commissioned into Naval Reserve. 1950 - First Marine Corps aviation mission against
North Korea by VMF-214, from USS Sicily 1950 - First helicopter evacuation in Korea by VMO-6 1958 - USS Nautilus (SSN-571) is first ship to reach the geographic North Pole submerged. 1970 - USS James Madison (SSBN-627) conducts first submerged launching of Poseidon nuclear missile off
Cape Kennedy
August 4, 1846 - Sailors and Marines from USS
Congress capture Santa Barbara 1858 - First trans-Atlantic cable completed by USS
Niagara and British ship Agamemnon 1944 - Fifth Fleet carrier task forces begin air attack against Iwo Jima and the Bonin Islands 1947 - Birthdate of the Medical Service Corps 1964 - USS Turner Joy and USS Maddox report being attacked by North Vietnamese PT boats in Gulf of
Tonkin
August 5, 1832 - Frigate Potomac is first U.S. Navy ship to entertain royalty, King and Queen of Sandwich
Islands, Honolulu 1864 - RADM David Farragut wins Battle of Mobile
Bay, sealing off last Confederate port on Gulf Coast 1882 - Authorizing of first steel warships, beginning of the modern Navy. 1921 - Yangtze River Patrol Force established as com- mand under Asiatic Fleet. 1990 - Navy and Marine Task Force (USS Saipan, USS
Ponce, and USS Sumter) begin evacuation of U.S. citi- zens and foreign nationals from Liberia during civil war.
August 6, 1862 - CSS Arkansas destroyed by her com- manding officer to prevent capture by USS Essex. 1943 - Battle of Vella Gulf begins. US destroyers sink 3 of 4 Japanese destroyers. 1945 - Atomic bomb detonated over Hiroshima, Japan.
Navy weaponeer, Captain W.S. Parsons, USN, armed the atomic bomb on the B-29 bomber, Enola Gay. 1990 - President George Bush orders Operation Desert
Shield, largest overseas deployment since Vietnam, to protect Saudi Arabia after Iraqi's invasion of Kuwait. 1997 - Naval Forces on Guam help rescue and begin providing medical care to survivors of Korean Airlines
Flight 801 that crashed on Guam.
August 7, 1782 - Badge of Military Merit (Purple Heart) established 1942 - Navy Amphibious Task Force lands Marines on
Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands in first U.S. land offen- sive of World War II 1964 - Gulf of Tonkin Resolution passed by Congress
August 8 1813- US Schooners Hamilton and Scourge founder in storm on Lake Ontario 1959 - Announcement of Project Teepee, electronic sys- tem to monitor 95 percent of earth's atmosphere for mis- sile launchings or nuclear explosions. System developed by William Thaler, Office of Naval Research physicist. 1972 - Women authorized for sea duty as regular ship's company
August 9, 1815 - CAPT Stephen Decatur concludes treaty for U.S. with Tripoli 1842 - Signing of Webster-Ashburton Treaty under which U.S. and Great Britain agreed to cooperate in sup- pressing the slave trade. 1865 - Return of Naval Academy to Annapolis after 4 years at Newport, RI 1941 - Atlantic Charter Conference is first meeting between President Roosevelt and Winston Churchill 1942 - Battle of Savo Island begins; First of many sea battles near Guadalcanal 1949 - First use of pilot-ejection seat for emergency escape in U.S. made by LT Jack I. Fruin of VF-171 near
Walterboro, SC
August 10, 1916 - First Naval aircraft production con- tract, for N-9s 1964 - Signing of Gulf of Tonkin Resolution which is used as the starting point of the Vietnam Conflict
August 11, 1812 - USS Constitution captures and destroys brig Lady Warren 1877 - Professor Asaph Hall of Naval Observatory dis- covers first of two satellites of Mars. He found the sec- ond one within a week. 1921 - Carrier arresting gear first tested at Hampton
Roads. 1960 - USNS Longview, using Navy helicopters and frogmen, recovers a Discover satellite capsule after 17 orbits. This is first recovery of U.S. satellite from orbit.
August 12, 1812 - USS Constitution captures and destroys brig Adeona 1918 - SECNAV approves acceptance of women as yeo- man (F) in U.S. Navy 1942 - USS Cleveland (CL-55) demonstrates effective- ness of radio-proximity fuze (VT-fuze) against aircraft by successfully destroying 3 drones with proximity bursts fired by her five inch guns. 1957 - In first test of Automatic Carrier Landing System,
LCDR Don Walker is landed on USS Antietam. 1958 - USS Nautilus (SSN-571) arrives Portland,
England completing first submerged under ice cruise from Pacific to Atlantic Oceans.
August 13, 1777 - American explosive device made by
David Bushnell explodes near British vessel off New
London, CT. 1846 - Joint expedition led by CDR Robert Stockton seizes Los Angeles, CA 1870 - Armed tug Palos becomes first U.S. Navy ship to transit Suez Canal
August 14, 1813 - HMS Pelican captures USS Argus 1886 - SECNAV establishes Naval Gun Factory at
Washington Navy Yard 1945 - Japan agrees to surrender; last Japanese ships sunk during World War II (15 August in DC)
August 15, 1845 - U.S. Naval Academy established at
Annapolis, MD on former site of Fort Severn. 1895 - Commissioning of Texas, the first American steel-hulled battleship. Texas served off Cuba during the
Spanish-American War and took part in the naval battle of Santiago. Under the name of San Marcos, she was sunk in weapon effects tests in Chesapeake Bay in 1911.
Her hulk continued in use as a gunnery target through
World War II. 1908 - First Navy post offices established in Navy ships 1958 - USS Lexington (CVA-16) arrives in vicinity of
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