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by 2020, and another, using the Energy as a whole is a lot cleaner than other “

Ef? ciency Design Index, to regulate a transport sources of carbon emissions,

Every part and parcel of ev- three-phased increase in new ship ef- i.e. planes, trains and automobiles. ? ciency, of 10% by 2020, 20% by 2025, Indeed, driven by the trend toward ery vessel type is going to and 30% by 2030. The IMO also called megaships carrying as many as 20,000 be turned inside out, upside for a least a 40% reduction in carbon containers, shipping has never been down, redesigned, reformu- emissions by 2030, and 70% by 2050. more cost-ef? cient and more environ- lated, re-piped and re-routed mentally friendly. Bigger, newer, more – even relocated – as naval

Post 2050, the plan is to reach zero modern vessels, in some cases running architects and engineers, ship

GHG emissions as soon as possible on new forms of fuel and propulsion, during the second half of this century. means fewer older, smaller ships carry- owners and operators, inves-

By 2023, the group hopes to adopt a ing the same number of TEUs among tors and marine ? nanciers, more detailed, revised strategy, and them, operating primarily on bunker, researchers and marine en- have ironed out sticky issues such as together producing considerably more vironmental organizations of helping less developed countries bear emissions. every permutation put their the ? nancial load of cutting emissions. heads together to puzzle out

Given those drivers, DNV GL’s sec- But ships are basically mobile power the best routes to net zero ond “Energy Transition Outlook” report plants. “It’s not that ships are particu- (2018) predicts that carbon-neutral fuels larly dirty, it’s just that there are an awful

Zen. will surpass the use of diesel fuels by lot of them,” says Christopher Barry, an 2050, primarily due to alternative fuels, engineering consultant and chair of both logistics improvements, speed reduc- ship owners and operators, investors SNAME’s Small Craft Technical and tions, and the “full impact of gradually and marine ? nanciers, researchers and Research Committee, and its Ocean improving the energy ef? ciency of new marine environmental organizations Renewable Energy Technical and ships.” of every permutation put their heads Research Panel, and collectively, they together to puzzle out the best routes to produce a lot of emission. And there

Decarbonization is of? cially HUGE. net zero Zen. Operational strategies are are going to be even more plying global

The IMO’s slate of shipping ef? ciency also going under the microscope. trade routes despite the advent of those and emissions reduction deadlines have super-sized container ships. The last 25 laid down the gauntlet, lit the torch, and And not a moment too soon for climate years have seen a four-times increase made climate change real for the indus- warriors disappointed that the IMO did in the number of vessels transiting 24/7, try. But anyone looking for the holy grail not go further and mandate emission oceans the world over, carrying 90% of that one solution that walks on water cuts of 70% by 2050 to meet the 2015 or more of the world’s commerce – as the one-size-? ts-all, emissions-miti- Paris Agreement to keep global tem- while mostly burning bunker fuel. In the gating answer can stop now. There isn’t perature increases under 2 C, and as United States at least, the transportation going to be one solution, but many. And close as possible to 1.5 degrees. They sector surpassed energy in the last cou- one of the inherent drawbacks of much are deeply worried about the extent ple of years to become the number-one of that many is that they are today, and to which a hotter planet is melting ice emitter of greenhouse gases. Shipping will likely be, less energy dense than caps, heating up and acidifying the seas demand keeps climbing and the IMO diesel, which means whatever new and outrunning the ocean’s natural abil- believes the sector’s emissions could fuels and energy-storing solutions win ity to cope with carbon sinks. And with balloon to as high as 17% of global car- the day, vessels are going to need to good reason. bon emissions by 2050, if a sea change consume and store a lot more fuel than in fueling does not take place.

they do currently. The ripple effect of that will be, well, huge. Sure, IMO member counties could have It’s very important that the industry acted sooner, but “the targets are a makes those changes, agrees Rick huge step for the industry and should Ashcroft, functional vice president be celebrated as a big step in the right technology and Chair of the Technology

COMMENCING COUNTDOWN

The IMO’s tiered countdown to “zero” direction,” says Ned Harvey, a manag- & Research Steering Committee at the guarantees that virtually every corner of ing director for the Rocky Mountain Society of Naval Architects and Marine the marine and energy sectors will be Institute/Carbon War Room, a non-pro? t Engineers (SNAME). “There are things singularly focused on fueling ef? ciency that works with vendors and industry to you have to do because at some level and eradicating emissions and other tackle environmental issues you worry about the environment.” forms of entry for pollution for at least It’s been slow going Harvey says, but the next 30 years. Energy generators, the issues of “low cost, low carbon – all

LEFT IN SHIPPING’S WAKE sources and storage; ship design; en- that stuff is coming together - as in- gine, boiler and other propulsion equip- Still the cheapest and most environ- creasingly ship owners try to balance all ment; lubricants; coatings; sealants mentally friendly of all transport modes, this.” – every part and parcel of every vessel shipping nonetheless produces an

COMPROMISES type is going to be turned inside out, estimated 2.4% of emissions. It doesn’t upside down, redesigned, reformulated, sound like much, but that’s roughly Meanwhile, there are several things to re-piped and re-routed – even relocated equal to the output of Germany, the keep in mind about vessels: each repre- – as naval architects and engineers, sixth largest emitter of carbon. Shipping sents a collection of compromises, says

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