Page 19: of Marine Technology Magazine (June 2015)

to install both deep and shallow set bridge plugs as temporary formation from reservoir to seabed using the well’s tubing, barriers at an early stage of the operation. In some wells it casing or liner as transmission medium. Signals also transmit can be necessary to establish these two barriers deep in the from seabed to reservoir for the control of downhole hardware well and relatively close together. The sealing integrity of the like ? ow control devices.

lower plug can generally be validated by pressuring from the Under favorable well conditions, this wireless technology surface and monitoring for any leakage using a surface pres- has achieved point-to-point transmission ranges in excess of sure gauge. When installing the upper plug, and due to the 12,500 feet without relay or booster stations in the well. By relatively small volume of ? uid between the two plugs, it is cutting the number of in-well equipment, deployment time unlikely that a pressure test applied from surface will detect and monitoring costs are lower.

leakage past the upper plug. So, results might be inconclusive Using standard completion components means there is no when using surface measurements to verify the upper plug. requirement for special high cost plugs or packers with pen-

By installing a wireless transmitting pressure gauge below etrations. CaTS wireless can be retro? tted into existing wells the upper plug, it is now possible to monitor the pressure be- using wireline or coil tubing and can be externally or inter- low the plug in real time at the surface during pressure testing. nally mounted on a tailpipe below a permanent packer during

Monitoring requires no other equipment in the logging string a DST. It also deploys as part of a lower completion assembly used to deploy the plug and can be completed during the run for sand-face monitoring. After tests in the abandoned ap- of a downhole operation. Well abandonment barrier veri? ca- praisal wells of Clair Field, market demand for Expro reser- tions have been completed from light-well intervention ves- voir testing has grown. Wireless is now monitoring reservoir sels on 13 subsea wells in Norwegian and British sectors of pressure in abandoned or suspended subsea wells the arctic the North Sea. Barents Sea and the tropical Santos Basin of Brazil. The future for CaTS technology is being developed for monitoring and con- trol applications in advanced completions. For Expro, at least, the

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