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BY THE NUMBERS failures in responding to transportation safety challenges The safety record of energy liquids movements by barge since 2005, in order to inform the development of more has been exemplary. In contrast, railroads were in a much anticipatory and robust safety assurance systems. PHM- different position when the domestic energy revolution

SA should take the lead organizing federal emergency commenced. Unlike waterways, railroads had virtually preparedness grants and review training opportunities to no experience transporting large volumes of crude oil and respond to the needs of communities. Moreover, PHM- ethanol. The industry and regulators were compelled to

SA and other safety regulators should encourage pipeline, react to incidents and the new safety issues they present- barge, and rail carriers to make greater use of quantitative ed. As these safety issues have become better understood, risk analysis tools, for instance, to inform decisions about and the demand for rail transportation of crude oil has priorities for maintenance and integrity management of slowed, the challenge for the rail industry and regulators the equipment and infrastructure and about the routing is to develop a safety assurance system that has a high de- of energy liquids by rail. gree of robustness like that of the maritime sector.

Annual Oil Spillage from Tank Vessels into US Waters (Selected years)

Year Tankers Tank Barges Total 1968 576,488 7,333 583,821 1977 4,748 37,178 41,926 1987 35,623 13,044 48,667 1997 527 3,805 4,332 2007 339 210 549 2012 396 46 442

Total: 1968-2012 2,988,128 1,147,064 4,135,192

The Transportation Research Board’s report, Safely Transporting Hazardous Liquids and Gases in a

Changing U.S. Energy Landscape (2017), can be found at the National Academies Press at www.nap.edu

May 2018

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